MIT : les 50 entreprises les plus innovantes

Récemment, le - célèbre - MIT a listé les 50 entreprises les plus innovantes pour 2011 ; voici les 21 premières :


Computing & Communications
Public Companies (sociétés cotées)


1.       Apple
§         Why:The rest of the consumer electronics industry is scrambling to catch up to the iPad. The iPhone still sets the standard for smart phones, even if its market share slips.
§         Key innovation:Its limited lineup of mobile devices all run on the same easy-to-use software.



2.       ARM Holdings
§         Why:It is redesigning smart phones and tablets so that they'll use much less power and need recharging less often.
§         Key innovation:Developed energy-efficient customizable chips for mobile devices.



3.       HTC
§         Why:Smart phones that run Android have become an alternative to Apple's mobile devices.
§         Key innovation:Designed well-crafted devices in partnerships with Google and wireless carriers.


4.       IBM
§         Why:Computing can transform infrastructure such as electric grids and traffic control systems.
§         Key innovation:Is drawing on its research expertise and that of software companies it's acquired to develop services for many infrastructure industries and expand the market for information technologies.
 

5.       iRobot
§         Why:Robots can save lives by doing jobs too dangerous for people.
§         Key innovation:Its small, agile robots can detect and dispose of explosive devices for the military.
Private Companies (Sociétés non cotées)

6.       Calxeda
§         Why:Its technology can reduce the cost of computing in data centers.
§         Key innovation:Runs servers with cell-phone chips rather than processors built on industry--standard designs, which are more power-hungry.



7.       Lyric Semiconductor
§         Why: Computer chips that operate with probabilities instead of binary logic could speed applications such as fraud analysis and machine vision.
§         Key innovation:Its microprocessor uses electronic signals to represent probabilities rather than binary 0s and 1s.


8.       PrimeSense
§         Why:User interfaces based on gesture recognition make possible new applications in gaming and everyday computing.
§         Key innovation:Developed the 3-D sensor system that Microsoft's Kinect device uses to track movement.


9.       Square
§         Why:Expanding the use of mobile payments will help small businesses.
§         Key innovation:Built technology that lets anyone accept credit cards using smart phones.
 

Web & Digital Media
Public Companies (sociétés cotées)

10.    Akamai
§         Why:The exponential growth in traffic on the Web is possible because of services that route data intelligently.
§         Key innovation:Its algorithms optimize online routes for content delivery.


11.    Amazon.com
§         Why:E-books are finally becoming a large, mainstream market.
§         Key innovation:Even as it seeded the e-book market with the Kindle, Amazon has made it easy for people to read e-books on other devices, such as the iPad.


12.    Google
§         Why:It still sets the agenda in Web search, even as it pushes the development of Android for mobile devices.
§         Key innovation:Its software development process remains relatively fast even as the company has gotten very big.


13.    Netflix
§         Why:Inexpensive video on demand, delivered over the Internet, undercuts cable and points the way to a likely future for TV.
§         Key innovation:Built demand for a streaming video service by including it free with DVD-by-mail subscriptions.

Private Companies (sociétés non cotées)
14.    Cotendo
§         Why:Web applications must get faster and feel much more responsive to users if cloud computing is to keep growing.
§         Key innovation:Its technology efficiently routes traffic across the Internet and makes websites faster.


15.    Crowdcast
§         Why: Corporate decision-making gets smarter if it taps the insights of rank-and-file employees.
§         Key innovation:Private prediction markets let employees forecast the results of corporate choices.


16.    Facebook
§         Why:Social networking on the Web is becoming a powerful advertising medium and a platform for startups that offer add-on services.
§         Key innovation:Adapts quickly to shape its site into a medium that advertisers consistently want to use.


17.    Groupon
§         Why:By encouraging millions of people to sign up for quirky daily advertising e-mails, Groupon has created one of the fastest-growing revenue generators on the Web.
§         Key innovation:Offers local businesses a way to guarantee a return on their promotional budget, thereby tapping into a huge advertising pool that has eluded many Web companies.



18.    Layar
§         Why:Augmented reality enhances the value of a mobile device, employing its camera and GPS and displaying information about the user's surroundings.
§         Key innovation:Its development platform lets businesses and advertisers add AR functions to their own apps.



19.    Twitter
§         Why:Now that the company has begun to make money from its large user base, a service that has woven its way into everyday life is more likely to stick around.
§         Key innovation:Its business model offers selected opportunities for advertisers while drawing income from deals that let search engines index its content.



20.    Ushahidi
§         Why:Web tools can help people respond to crises such as earthquakes and political protests.
§         Key innovation:Its open-source crowdsourcing tool overlays field reports on maps, providing critical and often life-saving data during emergencies.



21.    Zynga
§         Why:Companies are building ¬businesses inside platforms like Facebook.
§         Key innovation:Its social games offer people a new way to interact online.

Eclairages complémentaires : un article en français (DSI) ou celui du MIT Technology Review

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